Tumor detection can be carried out via the detection of proteins, such as p53, which is known toplay vital role in more than 50% of all cancers affecting humans. Early diagnosis of tumor detectioncan be achieved by decreasing the lower detection limit of p53 bioassays. Microwave-acceleratedbioassay (MAB) technique, which is based on the use of circular bioassay platforms in combinationwith microwave heating, is employed for the rapid and sensitive detection of p53 protein. Directsandwich ELISA was constructed on our circular bioassay platforms based on DNA-protein bindinginteractions. Colorimetric and fluorescence based detection methods were used for room temperaturebioassay (control bioassay; total bioassay time is 27 hours) and bioassay using microwave heating (i.e.,the MAB technique; total bioassay time is 10 minutes). In the colorimetric based detection, a veryhigh background signal due to the non-specific binding of proteins for the bioassay carried out at roomtemperature and a LLOD of 0.01 ng/mL for p53 was observed using the MAB technique. The LLODfor the fluorescence-based detection using the MAB technique was found to be 0.01 ng/mL. Theuse of circular bioassay platforms in the MAB technique results in microwave-induced temperaturegradient, where the specific protein binding interactions are significantly accelerated; thereby reducingthe background signal and the lower limit of detection of p53 protein.
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